Swiss National Day

Swiss National Day is celebrated on August 1st and is one of the most important holidays in Switzerland. It commemorates the founding of the Swiss Confederation in 1291, when the three cantons of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden formed an alliance for mutual defence against potential aggressors. This alliance is considered the foundation of modern Switzerland.

Historical Background

• The Oath of Rütli: The legend of the Oath of Rütli is central to Swiss National Day. According to tradition, representatives from the three founding cantons met at the Rütli meadow on Lake Lucerne and swore an oath of mutual support. This pact laid the groundwork for the Swiss Confederation.
• Federal Charter of 1291: This historical document, signed in early August 1291, formalized the alliance. The document pledged mutual defence and support among the cantons and is preserved in the Swiss Federal Archives.

Celebrations and Traditions

• Fireworks and Bonfires: One of the most spectacular features of Swiss National Day is the display of fireworks. Towns and villages across the country light bonfires on mountain tops, harking back to the traditional method of sending signals across the Swiss Alps.
• Parades and Festivities: Many cities and towns host parades, where participants often dress in traditional Swiss costumes. Folk music, yodelling, and alphorn performances are common, reflecting the rich cultural heritage of Switzerland.
• Public Speeches: Politicians and community leaders give speeches, emphasizing themes of unity, national pride, and the importance of the historical events being commemorated.
• Swiss Flags and Decorations: The Swiss flag, featuring a white cross on a red background, is prominently displayed. Houses, public buildings, and streets are decorated with flags and banners.

Traditional Foods

• Rösti: A traditional Swiss dish made from grated potatoes, often enjoyed during the celebrations.
• Bratwurst and Cervelat: Swiss sausages grilled and enjoyed in various festivities.
• Fondue and Raclette: While typically winter dishes, these cheese-based meals are sometimes enjoyed during National Day celebrations.
• Swiss Chocolate: Switzerland’s famous chocolate is also a staple during the festivities.

Major Celebration Venues

• The Rütli Meadow: Considered the birthplace of the Swiss Confederation, it hosts a significant official celebration attended by national leaders.
• Cities and Towns: Major cities like Zurich, Geneva, and Bern hold large public events, but even small towns have their own unique celebrations.

Swiss National Day is a time of national pride and community spirit, bringing together people from all regions and backgrounds to celebrate their shared heritage and the values shaping Switzerland.